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In the latent inhibition model a conditioned
2022-05-16

In the latent inhibition model, a conditioned stimulus (CS) is pre-exposed alone without any consequences (i.e., unconditioned stimulus [US]) in the pre-exposure phase. The CS is then associated with a US to form a CS-US association. The strength of the CS-induced response in the pre-exposure group
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We observed the reduced expression of
2022-05-16

We observed the reduced expression of the GluN2a subunit in the temporal and entorhinal cortexes and ventral hippocampus, which may result in the predominance of GluN2b-containing NMDA receptors during the latent period. Previously, using the same model, we revealed the reduction of the GluN2a/GluN2
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Na K ATPase adenosine triphosphate ATP and astrocytic glutam
2022-05-16

Na+/K+-ATPase, Spiperone hydrochloride synthesis and astrocytic glutamate transporters act together to maintain sodium and potassium gradients and the proper activities of EAAT1 and EAAT2 (Rose et al., 2009; Sheean et al., 2013); nevertheless, in present study, Na+/K+-ATPase activity was shown to b
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br Material and methods br Results
2022-05-16

Material and methods Results Discussion Accumulating evidence suggests that the hippocampus is sensitive to noise-induced hearing loss and other forms of sensory deprivation, which deprives the hippocampus of sensory information required for its normal operations such as spatial navigation
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The synthesis of compounds and were achieved according
2022-05-16

The synthesis of compounds and were achieved according to standard procedures. As shown in , The compound 4-methyl-1-(4-sulfobutyl)quinolonium () was prepared by alkylation reaction. Compounds and were synthesized by substitution reactions between 4-fluorobenzaldehyde and , , '-trimethylethanediamin
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BMS 193885 Acknowledgments This work was supported
2022-05-16

Acknowledgments This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21602254, 81603194), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu province, China (BK20160767) and National Found for Fostering Talents of Basic Science (NFFTBS, J1310032). Introduction Glucocorticoids (GC) pl
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FBPase deficiency is a very rare
2022-05-16

FBPase deficiency is a very rare inborn error of fructose conotoxin of autosomal recessive inheritance. This disorder usually occurs in the first year of life through ketotic hypoglycemia and lactic acidosis triggered by catabolic episodes such as prolonged fasting or febrile infections (Steinmann
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br Conflict of interest br Author contributions
2022-05-16

Conflict of interest Author contributions Introduction 2-Quinolones [quinoline-2(1H)-ones], while less prominent than the isomeric 4-quinolones, nevertheless enjoy significant attention as scaffolds in compounds exhibiting a variety of biological activities. These include: 4-aryl-6-chloroqu
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br Results br Discussion The
2022-05-16

Results Discussion The present findings outline a novel regulatory mechanism for fasting-induced ketogenesis, which involves histamine release from mast Disuflo Cy3 azide synthesis into the hepatic portal system, H1 receptor-mediated stimulation of liver OEA biosynthesis, and recruitment of t
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In tumor cells HK II
2022-05-16

In tumor cells HK-II induction is mediated by Akt/mTOR pathway [6], [11]. HK-II dynamically shuttles between the mitochondria and cytoplasm under different metabolic conditions. In cardiomyocytes, Akt enhances HK-II binding to mitochondria, setting the heart at a state resistant to ischemic injury [
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In addition to lifestyle factors
2022-05-16

In addition to lifestyle factors, genetic factors may also influence the efficacy of antineoplastic drugs in breast cancer patients.16, 17 The HER2 gene contains several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Two of the most investigated HER2 SNPs are Ile655Val (rs1136201) and Ala1170Pro (rs1058808
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br Parkinson disease Idiopathic PD
2022-05-16

Parkinson disease Idiopathic PD is a hypodopaminergic movement disorder of uncertain etiology that affects 3% of persons over age 65 (Dexter and Jenner, 2013). Cardinal signs of this common neurodegenerative condition include bradykinesia, rigidity, rest tremor and postural instability. Autonomic
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br S proteins and HBV induced
2022-05-13

S proteins and HBV-induced autophagy HBV surface proteins (S proteins or HBs) are reported to trigger HBV-induced autophagy by inducing ER stress and UPR in host Beauvericin [22]. HBx and HBV-induced autophagy HBx is a multifunctional viral protein. It can regulate virus replication, promote
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Organisms can adapt to increasing
2022-05-13

Organisms can adapt to increasing ROS production by up-regulating antioxidant defences, such as the activities of antioxidant enzymes (Livingstone, 2003). Failure of antioxidant defences to detoxify excess ROS production can lead to significant oxidative damage including enzyme inactivation, protein
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Introduction Glycogen synthase kinase GSK is an enzyme playi
2022-05-13

Introduction Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) is an enzyme playing multiple roles in animal tissues and organs, and carry around is not an exception. Apart from involvement in regulation of apoptosis and survival GSK-3 influences neuronal morphology, synapse formation, memory reconsolidation in
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