• Autocrine regulations of several adipokines e

  2023-04-12

  

  Autocrine regulations of several adipokines (e.g., leptin and resistin) on adipocytes have been reported (Karastergiou and Mohamed-Ali, 2010, Ye et al., 2010). Several lines of evidence have shown that apelin influences adipocyte functions, such as, lipolysis and glucose uptake (Dray et al., 2008, Y

• br Apelin Discovered in apelin was initially identified as

  2023-04-12

  

  Apelin Discovered in 1998, apelin was initially identified as the sole endogenous ligand for the APJ receptor (Tatemoto et al., 1998). Apelin-77 (pre-pro-apelin) is the precursor for various pharmacologically active apelin isoforms (e.g. apelin-12, -13, -17 and 36), and it shares 75–95% sequence

• This progressive behaviour is summarized in Fig

  2023-04-12

  

  This progressive behaviour is summarized in Fig. 4, which depicts the variation in convexity of the obtained cut-off patterns for the series of six antioxidants. The form and degree of convexity of the obtained cut-off curves should in principle correlate with the AOs hydrophobicities, and therefor

• Since E was shown to affect

  2023-04-12

  

  Since E2 was shown to affect the expression of Hsps, the transcript expression levels of another 11 Hsps were also evaluated by real-time PCR with their specific primers. The transcripts of 4 proteins (Hsp10, Hsp56, Hsp70a and Hsp110) were significantly up-regulated, but that of Hsp47 was significan

• br Identification of the croaker mAR cDNA Testosterone T

  2023-04-12

  

  Identification of the croaker mAR cDNA Testosterone (T) was observed to alter steroidogenesis through a nongenomic mechanism (not blocked by the transcription inhibitor, actinomycin D) in Atlantic croaker ovarian tissues (Braun and Thomas, 2003). This action of T was mimicked by T conjugated to B

• br Introduction Quenchbody Q body immunoassay

  2023-04-12

  

  Introduction Quenchbody (Q-body) immunoassay is a novel biosensing technology that uses the quenching of fluorescence by intrinsic tryptophan (Trp) residues in antibody variable regions when dye(s) are conjugated to an antibody or antibody fragments in appropriate position, and de-quenching while

• Fish aminopeptidases from Alaska Pollack roe

  2023-04-12

  

  Fish aminopeptidases from Alaska Pollack roe and tuna pyloric caeca have been reported on [12,13]. More recently, we described the purification of a leucine aminopeptidase from the skeletal muscle of the common carp [14], red sea bream [15] and a lysine aminopeptidases from Japanese flounder [16]. T

• br cDNA cloning gene structure and chromosomal localization

  2023-04-12

  

  cDNA cloning, gene structure and chromosomal localization The cDNA for the leukocyte-type 12S-lipoxygenase was first cloned from porcine leukocytes [9], and later from mouse [10], [11], rat [12], [13], bovine [14] and rabbit [15] sources. The cDNA for the platelet-type 12S-lipoxygenase cDNA has b

• br Introduction The traditional Chinese medicine TCM

  2023-04-11

  

  Introduction The traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), Ganoderma (G.) lucidum Karst is a well-known mushroom which has been used clinically in some Asian countries. It is termed “Lingzhi” in China, “Reishi” in Japan and “Yeongji” in Korea. It has long been used in TCM for the promotion of longevity

• Atypically BcALDH has a minor reducing activity for

  2023-04-11

  

  Atypically, BcALDH has a minor reducing activity for all-trans-retinal, which requires the binding of the reduced form of the NADP+ (NADPH) cofactor that is a side-product of the canonical oxidation activity of BcALDH. The reduction activity that converts all-trans-retinal to all-trans-retinol was r

• br Transparency document br Introduction

  2023-04-11

  

  Transparency document Introduction G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) comprise a diverse family of seven transmembrane domain-containing receptors represented by over 800 genes in humans. GPCRs respond to a range of stimuli, including peptides, hormones, growth factors, lipids, odorants, and

• A key step in the ADAR

  2023-04-11

  

  A key step in the ADAR reaction is the formation of the adenosine covalent hydrate with a tetrahedral center at C6. The nucleoside analog 8-azanebularine (box in Fig. 6), with its relatively high propensity to form a covalent hydrate, is useful as an adenosine replacement in ADAR2 substrates to trap

• myc inhibitor The zebrafish Danio rerio is a popular

  2023-04-11

  

  The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a popular model organism for virtually any biological function of vertebrates, and has, therefore, received a wide distribution in particular in developmental biology and toxicology (Strähle et al., 2012). With respect to AChE, the zebrafish has, e.g., been identified

• Finasteride has been shown to be a mechanism based

  2023-04-11

  

  Finasteride has been shown to be a mechanism-based inhibitor of 5AR-2 [9]. Finasteride acts as an alternate substrate for 5AR-2 and is initially bound in an extremely stable enzyme-bound NADP-dihydrofinasteride adduct which is ultimately processed to dihydrofinasteride. The NADP-dihydrofinasteride a

• Another significant group of reductase inhibitors is the ste

  2023-04-11

  

  Another significant group of 5α-reductase inhibitors is the steroidal 3-carboxylic Halopemide derivatives (relevant examples in Fig. 5), which were designed to mimic the putative enzyme-bound enolate intermediate. This was achieved by introducing sp2-hybridized centers at C3 and C4 and an anionic c

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